Agent Failure Modes

Prompt injection writes an MCP config that runs attacker code

CurXecute (CVE-2025-54135): Cursor let the agent create .cursor/mcp.json without approval, so injected text could add a server and get code execution.

Agents
Cursor
Reported
Source checked
Tags
mcp, rce, config-files

Symptom

A new .cursor/mcp.json appears in your workspace, and an MCP server you never added starts.

Cause

Editing an existing dotfile needed approval, but creating a new one didn't. An indirect prompt injection could create the MCP config and the command inside it would run.

Fix

Update Cursor to 1.3.9 or later, where writing MCP-sensitive files needs approval. Review any change to agent config files like code, and commit an empty MCP config so creation shows up as a diff.

# Pre-commit: flag changes to agent config files
git diff --cached --name-only | grep -E '(^|/)\.(cursor|vscode|claude)/|mcp\.json$' \
  && { echo 'Agent config changed: review it'; exit 1; } || true

Sources

More in Prompt injection

Get one failure mode a week

A short weekly email: one real incident, what caused it and the fix. No spam, unsubscribe any time.